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Thursday, 18 October 2018

[Python for Machine Learning] Contoh Prediksi Sederhana dengan Simple Regresi Linear

Ada banyak cara melakukan prediksi menggunakan machine learning. Salah satunya yang paling sederhana adalah menggunakan Regresi Linear.

Simple Regresi Linear adalah salah satu metode yang biasa digunakan untuk menguji sejauh mana hubungan sebab akibat antara dua buah variabel. Kedua variabel tersebut sering disebut sebagai variabel faktor penyebab (X) terhadap variabel akibat (Y). Variabel X seringkali disebut sebagai Predictor, sedangkan variabel Y sering kali disebut sebagai Response.

Simple Regresi Linear seringkali dipergunakan untuk melakukan prediksi atau peramalan baik tentang karakteristik baik yang bersifat kualitas maupun yang kuantitas.  Selanjutnya model persamaan Simple Regresi Linear adalah seperti berikut ini :

Y = a + bX
Dimana :
  • Y = variabel akibat atau response yang juga disebut sebagai dependent variable.
  • X = variabel penyebab atau predictor yang juga merupakan independent variable. 
  • a  = konstanta
  • b = koefisien regresi, yaitu besaran response yang ditimbulkan oleh predictor.
Berikut adalah studi kasus sederhana untuk membuat machine learning dengan menerapkan metode Simple Regresi Linear.  Sebuah penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh biaya promosi terhadap pendapatan penjualan sebuah perusahaan.  Simple regresi linear akan digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai penjualan yang akan diperoleh berdasarkan beaya promosi yang dikeluarkan. Disamping itu hasil machine learning juga akan bisa melihat korelasi antara Biaya Promosi  dengan nilai penjualan yang diperoleh. Output lain yang bisa diperoleh adalah grafik korelasinya antara kedua variabel tersebut.

Berikut adalah kode-kode programnya.





Bacaan lengkap tentang topik ini ada di buku Fundamental of Python for Machine Learning, Penerbit Gava Media Yogyakarta, 2018.

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